You can become a more effective communicator by understanding yourself and how others view you: your attitudes, beliefs, and values; your self-concept; and how the self-fulfilling prophecy may influence your decisions.

Perceptions are influenced by how we select, organize, and interpret words and ideas.

Our perceptions are influenced by our individual differences and preconceived notions.

To better understand your audience, learn about their demographic traits, such as age, gender, and employment status, as these help determine their interests, needs, and goals. In addition, become aware of your perceptions and theirs, and practice fairness in your communications.

Part of being an effective communicator is learning to receive messages from others through active listening and reading.